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Crankcase Ventilation System



Crankcase Ventilation System

Every time the spark plug fires, the amount of pollution in the crankcase oil rises. Carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon by-products, and nitrous oxides (NOx) are the main by-products of gasoline and air combustion. These chemicals, known as blow-by products, are pushed around the piston rings and down into the crankcase. When these gases come into contact with the oil vapors in the crankcase, they start cooking up some nasty substances that may and will destroy your engine. The blow-by products must be removed from the crankcase. However, we cannot just release them into the atmosphere. So, what are our options? Most automobiles and compact trucks featured a vent, also known as a road draft tube, that vented the crankcase to the environment until 1965. After 1965, the legislation mandated the installation of a government-mandated device on all cars.

What is a Crankcase Ventilation System?

An internal combustion engine's crankcase ventilation system eliminates undesired gases from the engine's crankcase. A tube, a one-way valve, and a vacuum source are generally included in the system (such as the intake manifold). The harmful gases, known as "blow-by," are gases that have escaped from the combustion chamber and passed through the piston rings. These gases were discharged into the atmosphere by seeping through the crankcase seals in early engines. The road draught tube was the first specialized crankcase ventilation device, which employed a partial vacuum to pull gases through a tube and discharge them into the atmosphere. Positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) systems, which were initially utilized in the 1960s and are now found on nearly all modern engines, return crankcase gases to the combustion chamber, reducing pollutants. Because the typical operation of the engine includes delivering the crankcase gases to the combustion chamber, two-stroke engines with a crankcase compression arrangement do not require a crankcase ventilation system.

What is a PCV Valve?

The positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valve is a straightforward device that allows filtered fresh air to enter the crankcase. The PCV valve pulls air through the crankcase and reintroduces it into the intake manifold system using the engine's vacuum. This gives the unburned hydrocarbons and nitrous oxides that flew by the rings a second chance to burn completely. In later automobiles, the engine's pollution management system can handle them. This system performs admirably and requires little maintenance. However, a lack of understanding combined with the reality that the ordinary driver does not open his engine hood at every fill-up can result in significant issues. In addition, not understanding how and why the oil breathes may lead to costly car repairs.

How does a PCV system work?

The vacuum pull through the crankcase is controlled by a Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) system. The PCV valve shuts off and stops the vacuum when the vacuum rises over the acceptable level at idling. The decrease in vacuum causes an increase in RPM, which allows for more gas to be drawn in.

What happens when a PCV valve goes bad?

Defective or overused PCV valves can cause engine oil pollution, sludge build-up, leakages, high fuel consumption, and a variety of other engine issues. This might induce severe harm to the engine.

What are the signs of a bad PCV valve?

If your engine has begun misfiring or missing during idling, has excessive oil consumption, black smoke, or dirty spark plugs, it might be due to a faulty PCV valve.

What is the most common problem with PCV valves?

One of the most prevalent issues with PCV valves is clogging, which prevents the valve from removing moisture and blow-by vapors from the crankcase. As a result, a sludge forms, increasing pressure and perhaps causing the heated oil to burst seals.

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